Essential health screenings for those over 60: A guide to healthy ageing

Reaching your 60s is a milestone, but it is also a time to focus more on your health. Regular screenings can help detect potential issues early, allowing for better management and prevention of serious conditions. Here is a guide to essential health checkups for those over 60 that can keep you active, independent, and healthy for years to come.

1. Blood pressure check: High blood pressure often has no symptoms but can lead to heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage. It is recommended to check your blood pressure annually, or more frequently if readings are elevated or if you have other risk factors like diabetes or a family history of hypertension.

2. Colorectal cancer screening: Colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable cancers when detected early. Screening for those over 60 is crucial. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends starting at age 45 and continuing through 75. Common screening methods include colonoscopies every 10 years or annual stool tests.

3. Prostate cancer (for men): Prostate cancer is common in older men. Men aged 55 to 69 should discuss the benefits and risks of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing with their doctor. Routine screening is not typically recommended for those over 70 unless there are specific concerns.

4. Breast cancer (for women): For women, regular mammograms are essential as breast cancer risk increases with age. The American Cancer Society recommends mammograms every 1-2 years for women between 40 and 50, depending on personal and family history. Your doctor will guide you on when to start and how often to get screened.

5. Bone health: Osteoporosis makes bones fragile, increasing fracture risk. Women over 65 should have bone density tests to check for osteoporosis. If you have risk factors such as a family history of fractures, earlier testing may be necessary.

6. Eye and hearing tests: Vision issues like cataracts and macular degeneration become more common with age. Regular eye exams help preserve vision and detect problems early. Similarly, hearing loss affects many older adults, often without noticeable symptoms. A hearing test can ensure you do not miss out on important conversations or sounds.

7. Cholesterol and blood sugar screenings: High cholesterol and blood sugar are major risk factors for heart disease and diabetes. Regular screenings help detect these conditions early. Cholesterol should be checked at least once every 5 years, while blood sugar levels should be monitored to catch diabetes early, particularly if you have risk factors.

8. Thyroid function test: Thyroid problems, such as hypothyroidism, can affect metabolism, mood, and energy levels. A thyroid function test can help identify any issues, especially if you experience symptoms like fatigue or unexplained weight changes.

9. Hepatitis C screening: Hepatitis C is a liver infection that can go undiagnosed for years. A simple blood test can detect the virus early, preventing liver damage and other complications.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle: While screenings are essential, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is just as important. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and managing stress help you stay healthy as you age. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake, and make sure to get enough sleep.