When winters change, our health does too!

Dr Muhammad Mahtab Hossain Mazed

Winter in Bangladesh is no longer as predictable as it used to be. In the past, winter meant a light morning fog, some sunshine in the afternoon, and intense cold at night. However, in recent years, it has been observed that in many areas, sunlight is absent even after 12 noon. The main reason behind this change is climate change. Climate experts have stated that dust particles, gas emissions, and irregular increases in humidity are the primary causes of dense fog. It can cause long-term respiratory problems in children and the elderly. Additionally, fog and haze reduce visibility and increase the risk of accidents.

Risks from fog and reduced daylight

Vitamin D from sunlight is essential for bone health, immune function, and mental well-being. Reduced daylight can cause vitamin D deficiency, putting children, pregnant women, and the elderly at risk. Dense fog and low sunlight increase the chances of colds, coughs, and pneumonia among children. Among the elderly, asthma, blood pressure fluctuations, and joint pain are more likely to occur. The healthcare system in both urban and rural areas is affected, with rural regions being particularly vulnerable due to limited access to medical services.

Without sunlight during the day, the body's natural warmth decreases. This poses a significant challenge for labourers such as farmers, construction workers, fishermen, and daily wage earners. Dense fog and low temperatures slow down work, affecting daily income and the economy.

Students are also affected. On their way to school, children face risks due to fog and low light. Without proper winter clothing, they are more susceptible to respiratory infections, colds, coughs, and pneumonia. Industrial and business activities are also impacted. Reduced daylight and cold temperatures lower work efficiency, which can affect business income as well as the national economy.

Winter health risks are no longer just an individual concern; they pose a significant challenge for families and society as a whole.

Mental health and the effects of fog

Dense fog and low light negatively affect mental health:

•   Fatigue and lethargy

•   Low mood and reduced concentration

•   Decreased participation in social activities

•   Prolonged exposure to low light and fog can increase depression, anxiety, and stress.

Health awareness and preventive measures

•   Wear warm clothing: sufficient clothes, socks, and gloves during the day and night.

•   Warm beverages and balanced nutrition: soups, milk, tea, and fruits

•   Adequate sleep and rest: boost immunity

•   Maintain a clean and warm environment: keep living spaces warm and dust-free.

      Monitor children and the elderly: seek medical attention promptly for illness or respiratory problems.

•   Limit prolonged outdoor exposure on foggy or cold days.

•   Light exercise and walking: helps maintain proper blood circulation

Social and government responsibility

•   Addressing winter health risks requires social and governmental initiatives:

•   Distribution of winter clothing and health awareness programmes

•   Protection of children and the elderly

• Expansion of patient welfare centres and healthcare facilities

•   Collaboration between government and non-government organisations can further enhance impact.

The author is a columnist, public health analyst and founder & chairman of Jatiya Rogi Kalyan Society.

Email: drmazed96@gmail.com