Bangladesh's tech startup ecosystem is navigating through an era of unparalleled growth and innovation, underpinned by robust economic fundamentals, a tech-savvy youthful population, and proactive government policies. The year 2023 has marked a significant stride in this journey, showcasing the resilience and dynamism of Bangladeshi startups amidst global economic uncertainties.

Economic milestones and the digital revolution

Bangladesh's GDP soaring with a commendable growth rate of 7.1% has not only underscored its economic vigour but also spotlighted the fertile ground for startups​​​​. A notable facet of this growth narrative is the digital revolution, driven by an expansive internet penetration rate of 75% among its 126 million internet users, laying the foundation for a burgeoning digital marketplace​​.

Reducing the job disparity is merely the first step that online education is taking. If it is allowed to fully take flight, then the potential of Bangladesh's workforce can be fully utilised.

Looking at inspirations

If we look at Silicon Valley in the United States of America or even at Bangalore in neighbouring India, we can see how tech startups can have a transformative impact on a nation's economy. The rise of tech startups in Silicon Valley and Bangalore has not just reshaped their local landscapes, but sent shockwaves through national and global economies.

At least in Bangalore, today, the tech industry reigns supreme, creating jobs, attracting talent, and driving economic growth. Startups like Paytm and PhonePe have revolutionised financial inclusion, empowering millions and creating new markets for businesses, boosting the overall economy.

And Bangalore's impact extends beyond India. This thriving tech ecosystem has garnered international recognition, positioning India as a major player in the global tech landscape. This attracts foreign investment, fosters collaborations, and opens doors for Indian startups to enter the global market, further strengthening the Indian economy.

Youth demographics: A catalyst for innovation

The demographic dividend in Bangladesh, characterised by a median age of 28 and over 62% of the population under 35, epitomises the youthful energy fuelling the startup ecosystem. This demographic configuration presents an immense market potential and a reservoir of innovative talent, ready to disrupt traditional business paradigms​​​​.

How the startup ecosystem took shape

While the current boom seems sudden, the seeds of entrepreneurial spirit were sown long ago, with Bkash, the mobile financial service pioneer, emerging in 2010 and becoming Bangladesh's first "unicorn" by 2021. This early success story paved the way for others, gradually fostering a supportive community and sparking international interest. The mid-2010s marked a turning point. Government initiatives like Startup Bangladesh and the iDEA Project provided crucial support, offering funding, mentorship, and infrastructure. Local angel investors and accelerators sprung up, nurturing young ventures. Soon, Bangladeshi entrepreneurs were making their mark on diverse sectors, from e-commerce platforms like Chaldal to ride-hailing services like Pathao.

What was once a nascent ecosystem began attracting not just local funds but also the attention of international VCs. Impressed by the talent, market potential, and government support, they started pouring in investments. 2021 witnessed a tenfold increase from 2020, with a record $415 million flowing into ventures like Sheba.xyz (on-demand services), Mukto Apps (gaming), and ShopUp (e-commerce enablement).

This investment surge is driven by several factors. Bangladesh boasts a stable economy with impressive GDP growth, making it an attractive destination for investors. Its large, tech-savvy population presents a vast market for innovative solutions. The government's commitment is evident in initiatives like Startup Bangladesh and the Fund of Funds, fostering a conducive environment for entrepreneurs. Emerging success stories like Bkash and Chaldal have further bolstered investor confidence, showcasing the potential of the ecosystem. Additionally, the government is actively streamlining regulations, making it easier for startups to operate and attract investment.

Bangladesh’s tech revolution presents a unique opportunity for progress and transformation. Photo: Unsplash

Government initiatives: Fostering a startup culture

The Bangladeshi government's instrumental role in nurturing the startup ecosystem, through initiatives like the iDEA project and the establishment of a Fund of Funds, signifies a strategic move towards catalysing innovation and entrepreneurship. These initiatives are designed to provide a robust support system for startups, facilitating access to capital, mentorship, and a regulatory environment conducive to growth and scalability​​​​.

Infrastructure development: Enabling economic connectivity

The commitment to infrastructural development, as evidenced by mega projects like the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant and Dhaka Mass Rapid Transit system, is set to revolutionise the country's logistical and operational framework. These infrastructural undertakings not only enhance economic connectivity but also open new avenues for startups to innovate and expand​​​​.

Startups at the forefront of innovation

The startup landscape in Bangladesh is rich with examples of innovation and entrepreneurial success. From Chaldal's revolution in online grocery shopping to Pathao's disruption in ride-sharing and logistics, these startups are testament to the ecosystem's capacity to nurture businesses that address local needs while achieving global standards​​. Praava Health's innovative approach to healthcare delivery further exemplifies the sectoral diversity within the startup ecosystem, underscoring the transformative impact of technology across various domains​​.

Financial inclusion through fintech

The fintech sector's explosion, exemplified by the success of bKash, has been pivotal in driving financial inclusion and digitising the economy. With over USD 615 million in funding since 2010, fintech startups are redefining banking and financial services for the unbanked population, leveraging mobile technology to broaden access to financial resources​​.

The road ahead

Looking forward, Bangladesh's Vision 2041, aiming to establish a "Smart Bangladesh", sets an ambitious roadmap for the startup ecosystem. This vision aligns with the strategic focus on digital transformation, innovation, and sustainable growth, positioning the country to capitalise on its demographic and digital advantages to become a leading startup hub in Asia​​.

However, challenges remain. Limited access to capital, especially from international investors, necessitates further improvements in regulations and infrastructure. The talent pool, while large, lacks skilled professionals in niche tech areas, requiring talent development initiatives and fostering skills through collaboration with established tech companies. The digital divide, despite significant progress, still concerns some rural areas, demanding expanded infrastructure and low-cost data plans.

But nonetheless, the tech pioneers are actively shaping the future of Bangladesh. Each click, swipe, and download becomes a building block in this ongoing transformation. The journey has just begun, but the ink on the canvas is vibrant, the brushstrokes deliberate and purposeful. And the artist? The tech-savvy, determined youth of Bangladesh, painting a vision of a nation transformed, digitally powered, and ready to write its next chapter.

Bangladesh's tech revolution presents a unique opportunity for progress and transformation. Recognizing and addressing the challenges outlined above becomes critical in ensuring this revolution benefits all of Bangladesh's citizens and propels the nation towards a brighter, more inclusive, and sustainable future. The journey ahead requires collaboration, innovation, and a commitment to overcoming obstacles. By harnessing the combined efforts of government, businesses, academia, and individuals, Bangladesh's tech revolution can truly write a remarkable chapter in its national narrative.

Zarif Faiaz is the In-Charge at Tech & Startup section.